Candle.



(No Model.)

Patented lune 3, |902. T. .1.V GAnmGAN.

CANDLE.

(Application lgd Apr. 19, 1902 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

THOMAS J. GARRIGAN, OFMBOS'ION, MASSACHUSETTS.

- lSIEIEGIIEICATIOl.\l' forming part of Letters Patent'No. 701,557,dated June 3, 1902.

yApplication filed April 19, 1902. Serial No. 103|685. (No model.)

, representing like parts.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to candles wherein awick` extending throughout the length of the candle is employed. Shouldthe wick continue to burn the full length of the candle, the material ofthe wick would ilow and fill or cover whatever holder might besupporting the candle.

In connection with churchservice and other places where candle sticks orholders are frequently of silver or other valuable material andoftenhighly ornamental it is a great desideratum thatthe candle does notburn com' pletely down to the holder which embraces thev butt.` It isdesirable that the candle shall be self-extinguishable before the wickis wholly consumed and that at the extinguishing-point the capillarityof the wick by which the oils and vapors of combustion are carried tothe` ame'shall be destroyed and the flame be effectually extinguished,so that all smoldering and smoking of the wick may be avoided,- andthese results I have secured by treating a portion ofthe lower end ofthe wick which extendscontinuously throughout the lengthA of the candlewith a compositionwhich willv harden upon the material of the wick asthe flame reaches it, and thus eftectually destroy the capillarity'ofthe Wick and extinguish the flame. A 1

Referring to the drawing formingipart of this case, A represents acandle composed of any usual or suitable material, and Bits wick. Let Crepresent a part of any suitable holder which receives the butt-end `ofthe candle. p

To prevent the wick from burning to the line fr, which mayrepresent theupper end of the holder, I have provided the wick for a short distanceabove said line with a nonburnable section,vso that assoonas the lire inthe wick arrives at the non-burnable section the candle isself-extinguished.

Imaypractice myinventioninseveraldierent Ways. I may apply to thefibrous material of the wick a material which will not burn-aa'.

for instance, I may treat the portion-of the vwick represented by thestipple portion a with a non-inflammable compound that will preferablyharden when heated, so that as the heat from the wick reaches thetreated portion a thereof the compound is hardened suficiently toeffectually extinguish the light and destroy to a great extent thecapillarity of the' wick, so that the oils and vapors are no longertransmitted. The compound which I preferably employ and have'lfound toanswer well in practice is composed of one-half pound of Portlandcement, one-half pound asbestos, eight ounces of a practically-saturatedaqueous solution of alum, and two ounces of aI saturated aqueoussolution of common salt. The `cement and asbestos are mixed togetherwith the aqueous solutions and forma paste with which the portion a ofthe wick may be treated. Of course it is obvious that the proportionsand perhaps some of the ingredients may be changed without departingfrom the spirit of my'invention.

I do not desire or intend to limit this invention to the particularsubstances described for rendering a portion of the wick incombustible,as I am not aware that any one before my invention has ever produced acandle invwhich the wick has been so treated with a compound that the remay travel through'a portion thereof and be stopped at another portionthereof beforethe candle has been fully burned by the hardened compoundwhich practically destroys the capillarity of the wick.

Y Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A candle having a wick extended throughout the length thereof, thesaid wick at a por- :tion between its ends being treated with a compoundof asbestos and cement which will harden when heated to therebyextinguish the flame.

2. A candle havingawick extended throughout the length thereof, aportion of said wick near the base of the candle being treatedwith acompound which will harden when heated to thereby extinguish the flame.

In testimony whereoffI have signed,Y my name to this specification inthe presenceof two subscribing witnesses. I

' THOMAS J.-GARRIGAN:

Witnesses:

YJOHN C. EDWARDS, `N. H. CoT'rLE.

IOS

